Milling centers can range from 2-axis milling machines, which cut holes and slots along the X- and Z-axes (horizontally and vertically), to multiaxis milling machines, which cut much more complex geometries by using rotational axes in addition to linear axes (like the original X- and Z-axes). In milling, a multi-bladed cutting tool rotates quickly to cut away material while the workpiece is held stationary or moves along a set path.
Milling is the most commonly used process of the three. But what sets them apart from each other? Mostly, the answer lies in how they remove that material and which piece rotates: the cutter or the workpiece. All three techniques are forms of subtractive manufacturing they cut material away rather than add material on, unlike additive processes like 3D printing.
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